制造与科技服务 · 实体清单
属于制造与科技服务领域，于 2021 年 12 月 17 日 被列入实体清单。
“制造与科技服务”是本站对难以精确归类的工程技术类实体的统称。这类企业多为设备零部件、精密仪器、自动化系统与工业服务供应商，常常是某个关键装备背后不为人知的配套环节。美国将其列入清单，通常是因为它们向被管制的军工或半导体客户供货。
2021 年 12 月 17 日，美国商务部工业与安全局（BIS）新增实体，并修订部分既有条目，涉及中国实体。
实体清单：实体清单（Entity List）由美国商务部工业与安全局（BIS）依据《出口管理条例》（EAR）第 744.11 条维护。被列入者采购受 EAR 管制的美国原产技术、软件与产品时需申请许可证，且通常适用“推定拒绝”政策——即默认不批。
被列入上述名单后，该实体在采购美国原产的技术、软件与设备时受到限制，具体许可要求与审查政策以其所属公告原文为准。
Pursuant to Sec. 744.11(b) of the EAR, the ERC determined that the conduct of the above-described entities raises sufficient concerns that prior review, via the imposition of a license requirement for exports, reexports, or transfers (in-country) of all items subject to the EAR involving these thirty-seven entities and the possible issuance of license denials or the possible imposition of license conditions on shipments to these entities, will enhance BIS's ability to prevent violations of the EAR or otherwise protect U.S. national security or foreign policy interests.
Federal Register 原文（英文）以上为美国商务部工业与安全局在联邦公报中就该实体作出的官方表述。本站将其原文摘录以便对照核查。
This final rule amends the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) by adding thirty-seven entities under forty entries to the Entity List. These thirty-seven entities have been determined by the U.S. Government to be acting contrary to the foreign policy or national security interests of the United States and will be listed on the Entity List under the destinations of the People's Republic of China (China), Georgia, Malaysia, and Turkey. This final rule also modifies one existing entry on the Entity List under the destination of China.
该实体的列入时间、清单类型与公告批次均已核对官方文件；由于公开可核实的中文资料有限，本站暂未对其进行逐条的深度解读。
Addition of Certain Entities to the Entity List and Revision of an Entry on the Entity List（86 FR 71557）
86 FR 71557